The Natural Capital Index framework (NCI), developed as a contribution to the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), was designed to answer the questions ‘How much biodiversity remains?’, ‘What are the causes of loss?’ and ‘What can we do about it?’ for policy-makers and public. This brochure explains the NCI framework, illustrates its use with examples from the Netherlands, and should be able to contribute to the further discussion on biodiversity indicators.