Critical adjustment of land mitigation pathways for assessing countries’ climate progress
Mitigation pathways by Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) describe future emissions that keep global warming below specific temperature limits and are compared with countries’ collective greenhouse…
Advancing a toolkit of diverse futures approaches for global environmental assessment scenarios
Global Environmental Assessments (GEAs) are in a unique position to influence environmental decision-making in the context of sustainability challenges. To do this effectively, new methods are needed…
Assessing China’s efforts to pursue the 1.5°C warming limit
Given the increasing interest in keeping global warming below 1.5°C, a key question is what this would mean for China’s emission pathway, energy restructuring, and decarbonization. By conducting a…
The 2021 Informative Inventory Report (IIR) by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) describes the Dutch emission data on transboundary air pollutants for the 1990–2019…
A systematic framework for the assessment of sustainable hydropower potential in a river basin – The case of the upper Indus
Siloed-approaches may fuel the misguided development of hydropower and subsequent target-setting under the sustainable development goals (SDGs). While hydropower development in the Indus basin is…
Greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands 1990-2019
This report documents the Netherlands' submission of its annual greenhouse gas emission inventory for 2021, in accordance with the guidelines provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on…
Climate change, biodiversity loss and degradation of ecosystems are linked and all have devastating consequences for our economic and social stability, health and human well-being. Working with nature…
Methods for calculating the emissions of transport in the Netherlands - 2021
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the historical emissions of environmental pollutants from transport in the Netherlands. The…
Policy recommendations for a resource-efficient and low-carbon Europe from the viewpoint of the nexus between water, land, energy, food and climate
The European Green Deal is ambitious and arouses many conflicts of interest. One of the challenges is achieving coherence between policies for water, land, energy, food and climate (‘WLEFC nexus’)…
Net-zero emission targets for major emitting countries consistent with the Paris Agreement
Over 100 countries have set or are considering net-zero emissions or neutrality targets. However, most of the information on emissions neutrality (such as timing) is provided for the global level…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
