This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch refinery sector is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy sector in...
Several organisations and companies have developed scenarios to explore global future energy pathways that achieve the Paris climate goal. This study compares 2 °C scenarios developed by Shell, BP, the International Energy Agency (IEA), the International Renewable Energy...
This report documents the submission of the Dutch annual greenhouse gas emission inventory for 2019, in accordance with the guidelines provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the European Union's Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism....
There are a large number of factors that drive the success of conservation measures for habitats and species. PBL has contributed to a study to assess these drivers. The legitimate status that selected habitats and species receive under the Birds and Habitats Directives...
In 2017, the growth in global greenhouse gas emissions resumed at a rate of 1.3% per year, reaching 50.9 gigatonnes in CO2 equivalent. This was mainly due to emissions of CO2 and methane, which increased by 1.2%.
CO2 emissions and total global greenhouse gas emissions are reported for 2016. Total global greenhouse gas emissions continued to increase by about 0.5% in 2016, reaching 49.3 gigatonnes in CO2 equivalent.
This study provides an overview of projected greenhouse gas emissions in seven major emitting countries (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, and the United States) up to 2030, resulting from current, planned and selected enhanced mitigation policies. The emission...
The first Netherlands National Energy Outlook reveals that objectives for renewable energy and energy saving are not yet being met. The climate target for 2020, however, will be achieved. Employment in the energy sector is shifting from fossil fuel to renewable energy and...
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used for calculating the emission of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions are calculated, annually, by the Task Force on Transportation of the Dutch...
Growing global demand for food leads to increased pressure on phosphorus (P), a finite and dwindling resource. China is the largest producer and consumer of P fertilizer in the world. A mass balance analysis of historical P use on China's arable land shows that P input...
