Since the Glasgow climate summit (COP26) governments have made little progress in terms of strengthening short term policies, a new UN Environment Programme (UNEP) finds. Last year all countries promised to strengthen their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) but NDCs...
As cities across the world face complex challenges that require interventions that can address multiple goals simultaneously, there has been a growing interest in using Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). A recent analysis by Utrecht University, initiated by PBL, suggests that...
This study The Geography of Future Water Challenges – Bending the trend shows that there is a great urgency to tackle global water and climate adaptation issues. This will require radical changes in the thinking about the value of water and in policy development worldwide,...
This annual outlook is published as required under the 2019 Dutch Climate Act and is regarded as one of the accountability instruments of Dutch climate and energy policy. Taking adopted and planned policies as the point of reference, Dutch greenhouse gas emissions are...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch asphalt industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy sector in...
Climate-related disaster risks pose a threat to sustainable development today and in the future. Major global agendas, such as the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Sustainable Development Goals, address ways of developing effective management strategies...
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented crisis of social, political and economic systems throughout Europe and the world. Since March 2020, European authorities have taken diverse measures to contain the spread of the virus (reactive policy). In some cases, the...
Global pork production has increased fourfold over the last 50 years and is expected to continue growing during the next three decades. This may have considerable implications for feed use, land requirements, and nitrogen emissions.
The five Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) show similar global crop P uptake and P inputs, despite differences in population and incomes. In the sustainability scenario SSP1, the increase in P uptake comes entirely from increased production per hectare, with varying...
This document describes the database of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network). The database contains information on current energy and material consumption of the manufacturing industry in the Netherlands and options for...
