Although the European Union will probably not meet its biodiversity goals for 2020, EU nature policy has resulted in some improvements. Member states have reported cases of better conservation status of species and habitats. To identify the key factors and drivers for these...
The World Bank WAVES programme supports several countries with the development of natural capital accounts (NCAs). NCAs link natural capital to a country’s system of national accounts and can also be applied to formulate biodiversity-related policies.
Experiences with different government styles can provide lessons on choosing an optimal approach in other contexts and situations. This study illustrates the role of spatial planning in landscape management and development in the Netherlands. It is part of a PBL research...
Voluntary commitments to eliminate or reduce deforestation are developing into a powerful framing of global activities to combat deforestation and forest degradation. With the demand for agricultural commodities expected to double in coming decades, pressure on forests is...
The pressure on land is growing in many regions of the world, due to the increasing demand for arable crops, meat and dairy products, bio-energy and timber, and is exacerbated by land degradation and climate change. This policy report provides scenario projections for the...
A study by PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency shows that land degradation is a global problem. This is especially risky in vulnerable drylands where the population is growing much faster than elsewhere and land and water will become scarce. In a number of future...
The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to decline further, making it difficult to achieve the 2050 policy vision. The Nature Outlook study elaborates four perspectives on the future of nature, in search for new approaches to this persistent problem. This...
The relationship between nature and people is changing, which raises the question of how policies could respond. This book includes five essays, by internationally renowned philosophers, elaborating on the relationship between nature and modern society. The book is based on a...
The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to further decline, making it difficult to reach the 2050 policy vision. This study elaborates four ‘perspectives’ on the future of nature in the EU, in search for new approaches. The study concludes with topics for debate...
This report provides the technical description of seven models on ecosystem services on a European scale. The ecosystem services included are carbon sequestration, erosion prevention, flood regulation, pollination, pest control, recreation and wild food provisioning.
