We propose a framework to design economic incentives to farmers to mitigate nitrogen pollution in contrasting regions of the world. Solutions fit in the broader context of the food chain and acknowledge both their responsibilities and limitations of consumers, suppliers,...
The European Green Deal is ambitious and arouses many conflicts of interest. One of the challenges is achieving coherence between policies for water, land, energy, food and climate (‘WLEFC nexus’). The Horizon 2020 project SIM4NEXUS, based on twelve case studies and modelling...
In order to reduce CO2 emissions from international aviation, the Dutch Government is considering the introduction of a CO2 emission ceiling for all flights departing from Dutch airports. This report discusses possible risks with respect to the effectiveness of a CO2 emission...
The WAVES partnership supports countries with implementing Natural Capital Accounting (NCA). At the request of the WAVES partnership, PBL has evaluated how NCA can support a ‘green’ recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. The report was prepared as input for the 5th Policy Forum...
Land restoration has the potential to deliver multiple environmental and societal benefits simultaneously, making it a highly integrated solution for sustainable development. This study quantifies the potential effects of land restoration for soil, food, water, biodiversity...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch silicon carbide production is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy...
De coronapandemie en de maatregelen in dat kader hebben ertoe geleid dat Nederland de afgelopen anderhalf jaar meer ervaring heeft opgedaan met thuiswerken. In deze studie gaat het Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving na hoe, en in hoeverre, het thuiswerken gaat veranderen en...
The Water-Land-Energy-Food-Climate Nexus approach considers these five sectors as inextricably linked, forming a complex system of interrelations. A theoretical framework is presented to systematically describe and model the bilateral interlinkages among these sectors, the...
A study by PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency shows that land restoration has global potential to contribute to multiple sustainability challenges, on food and agriculture, water, biodiversity and climate change. This study provides projections on the extent and...
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is a widely used policy to support the transition to a circular economy in the European Union. In these two reports, PBL and CPB analyse the design, functioning and effects of EPR, based on a survey of the literature and on case studies...
