Costs and benefits of synthetic nitrogen for global cereal production in 2015 and in 2050 under contrasting scenarios
Cereals are the most important global staple crop and use more than half of global cropland and synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer. While this synthetic N may feed half of the current global population…
Multimodel and Multiconstituent Scenario Construction for Future Water Quality
Freshwater pollution is, together with climate change, one of today’s most severe and pervasive threats to the global environment. Comprehensive and spatially explicit scenarios covering a wide range…
A purpose-oriented, multi-stakeholder and multi-evidence-based biodiversity global review: rationale, modalities & gaps
The Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), which got adopted at COP15 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, sets ambitious targets and goals to improve biodiversity globally. Additionally, it was…
A prospective evaluation of the ambition of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework goals and targets
In October 2024, at the 16 th Conference of the Parties (COP-16) of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), countries have negotiated the mechanisms for planning, monitoring…
Nitrogen in agri-food systems and the environment: Next steps to a sustainable future
The widespread introduction of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilisers, post World War II in the 1950s, marked a historic turning point in the world's agricultural systems. The increased N supply…
Long-term variations (1970–2020) and spatial patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus soil budgets and fates in Indian agriculture
The Green Revolution rapidly increased India’s food production since the 1960s, but excessive synthetic fertilizer use caused severe environmental problems.
Global sustainability scenarios lead to regionally different outcomes for terrestrial biodiversity
Mitigating climate change (CC) and reversing biodiversity decline are urgent and interconnected global priorities. Strategies to address both crises must consider the relationships, synergies and…
Global riverine land-to-ocean carbon export constrained by observations and multi-model assessment
Rivers are a key component of the global carbon cycle. They receive vast quantities of terrestrial carbon, of which a large fraction is ultimately exported to the coastal ocean. Our review of…
Assessing multiple ecosystem services in 708 European urban areas
Nature is increasingly recognised for its potential to address societal challenges in cities, through the delivery of ecosystem services (ES). However, large-scale assessments quantifying this…
Global inland-water nitrogen cycling has accelerated in the Anthropocene
Inland waters are an important component of the global nitrogen (N) cycle, functioning not only as land-to-sea transporters but also as active biogeochemical reactors. However, the latter role is not…