The current wave of national net zero targets could reduce the projected global average temperature increase to 2.0–2.4°C by 2100. Net zero targets, if fully implemented, could bring the Paris Agreement temperature goal within reach.
The WAVES partnership supports countries with implementing Natural Capital Accounting (NCA). At the request of the WAVES partnership, PBL has evaluated how NCA can support a ‘green’ recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. The report was prepared as input for the 5th Policy Forum...
As negotiations continue on biodiversity action for the next decade, now is the critical moment to seize the opportunity for embedding a landscape perspective throughout the new UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). While...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch silicon carbide production is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy...
Extended producer responsibility (EPR) is a widely used policy to support the transition to a circular economy in the European Union. In these two reports, PBL and CPB analyse the design, functioning and effects of EPR, based on a survey of the literature and on case studies...
Global projections indicate that approximately 500 Mha of new arable land will be required to meet crop demand by 2050. Applying a dynamic phosphorus (P) pool simulator under different socioeconomic scenarios, we find that cropland expansion can be avoided with less than 7%...
Within landscapes the peri-urban zone is in a constant state of change and governance of rapid developments is challenging. This is often at the expense of green spaces, which represent various environmental, economic and sociocultural values in landscapes. In the Kumasi...
Urbanisation is altering food systems, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. These changes can affect rural livelihoods in positive and negative ways. In this article, the authors present scientific evidence on the enabling conditions that shape these impacts
Many measures to mitigate climate change (SDG 13) have an impact on achieving other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), often positive, but sometimes negative. This study shows how twenty promising climate mitigation measures affect the achievement of other SDGs for several...
The EU treaties entrust the European Investment Bank (EIB) with supporting the reduction of regional disparities in the Union, notably by financing projects in less-developed EU regions. The Evaluation Division of the EIB and PBL, the Netherlands Environmental Assessment...
