The carbon emissions of individuals strongly depend on their lifestyle, both between and within regions. Therefore, lifestyle changes could have a significant potential for climate change mitigation. This potential is not fully explored in long-term scenarios, as the...
This paper analyses options to halve nitrogen losses to the environment by 2030, which is a target of the Farm to EU Fork Strategy. We found that a combination of interventions to (a) increase farm level nitrogen use efficiencies, (b) reduce food waste and (c) a dietary shift...
This report on decarbonisation options for the industry cluster Botlek/Pernis Rotterdam is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the...
The rapidly increasing electricity demand and the expected increase in the contribution of variable renewable energy sources raise the need for looking at the characteristics of long-term demand variations. Furthermore, demand changes (e.g., the increasing penetration of...
Many European countries have witnessed new immigration patterns in the past two decades through the gradual enlargement of the European Union. While migration motives and labour market positions of EU migrants are well-understood, relatively little is known about their...
The European Union (EU) has firmly positioned itself as a global leader in promoting and implementing nature-based solutions (NBS). In a recently published article, 13 authors from various European research institutes discussed EU supported research, policy and practices, and...
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted economies, societies and livelihoods around the globe. To boost their economy and restore employment and economic activity, countries have announced huge spending packages. However, depending on the measures taken and their implementation,...
Access to modern, reliable and affordable energy in Africa could help address some of the social, economic, health and environmental challenges that come with the fast growing population. The continent is endowed with abundant fossil and renewable energy resources to meet the...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch waste incineration industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy...
Many countries have made a commitment to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by or around 2050. If some sectors have residual emissions, these must be compensated for by removing CO2 from the air and storing it. This can be done, for example, through large-scale...
