How do we take stock of the state and changing trend of the world’s environment and draw lessons from policy experiences? Amongst the myriad detailed narratives about the condition of the planet, the periodic Global Environment Outlook (GEO), published by the United Nations...
In 2019, the growth in global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (excluding those from land-use change) slowed down to 0.6%, reaching 51.7 gigatonnes of CO2 equivalent (GtCO2 eq. This revised growth rate is half of last year’s estimate of 1.1% and less than half of the average...
The framework presented in this study aims to provide insights into how climate policy is represented in integrated assessment models, responding to the call to link model scenarios with concepts used in public policy literature and related fields. As such, it contributes to...
The Netherlands has the ambition to achieve a fully circular economy by 2050. This policy brief discusses the risks and opportunities of the Dutch circular economy transition for low- and middle-income countries that are connected to the Dutch economy through international...
Uptake of sustainable agricultural practices highly depends on the role of local actors and farm-level decision-making. Using a peri-urban case study in the Netherlands (Kromme Rijngebied), this article describes the impact of different groups of actors on the uptake of three...
Bioenergy is projected to have a prominent, valuable, and maybe essential, role in climate management. However, there is significant variation in projected bioenergy deployment results, as well as concerns about the potential environmental and social implications of supplying...
Water stress negatively affects rural livelihoods that depend on agriculture. In some contexts, this can influence migration decisions, especially in vulnerable regions with limited adaptive capacity. In this study African regions are identified that are projected to be...
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the historical emissions of environmental pollutants from transport in the Netherlands. The emissions are calculated, annually, by the Task Force on Transportation of the...
This Circular Economy Progress Report 2022 provides an update of the progress and transition towards a circular economy. It builds on the conclusions published by PBL in January 2021 in the Integral Circular Economy Report (ICER 2021). A number of indicators from the ICER...
One of the human pressures on biodiversity are roads. In the GLOBIO model (global biodiversity model for policy support), the information on the location of roads is taken from the Global Roads Inventory Project (GRIP) data set. Although GRIP provided a significant...
