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Nature-based solutions in Europe

Climate change, biodiversity loss and degradation of ecosystems are linked and all have devastating consequences for our economic and social stability, health and human well-being. Working with nature…

Indebted to nature. Exploring biodiversity risks for the Dutch financial sector

Biodiversity loss has a certain impact on the economy and, therefore, also on the financial sector. This motivated DNB, the Dutch central bank, and PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency to…

Assessment of biodiversity measurement approaches for business and financial institutions

Measurement of biodiversity performance by businesses and financial institutions is rapidly gaining attention. In parallel, there is a growing demand for more transparency in business performance with…

European nature in the plural

The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to further decline, making it difficult to reach the 2050 policy vision. This study elaborates four ‘perspectives’ on the future of nature in the…