Impact of maritime transport emissions on coastal air quality in Europe
Shipping emissions are currently increasing and will most likely continue to do so in the future due to the increase of global-scale trade. Ship emissions have the potential to contribute to air…
Impact of fragmented emission reduction regimes on the energy market and on CO2-emissions related to land use
In recent years, an approach based on voluntary pledges by individual regions has attracted interest of policy-makers and consequently also climate policy research. In this paper, we analyze scenarios…
Aggregated indices for trends in eutrophication of different types of fresh water in the Netherlands
As in many European countries, eutrophication of surface waters is a key problem in the Netherlands, caused by high concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). For implementation of the EU…
Crop yield response to soil fertility and N, P, K inputs in different environments: Testing and improving the QUEFTS model
Global food production strongly depends on availability of nutrients. Assessment of future global phosphorus (P) fertilizer demand in interaction with nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizers under…
Implications of alternative assumptions regarding future air pollution control in scenarios similar to the Representative Concentration Pathways
The uncertain, future development of emissions of short-lived trace gases and aerosols forms a key factor for future air quality and climate forcing. The Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs)…
Mariculture: significant and expanding cause of coastal nutrient enrichment
Mariculture (marine aquaculture) generates nutrient waste either through the excretion by the reared organisms, or through direct enrichment by, or remineralization of, externally applied feed inputs…
Global land–ocean linkage: direct inputs of nitrogen to coastal waters via submarine groundwater discharge
The role of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), the leakage of groundwater from aquifers into coastal waters, in coastal eutrophication has been demonstrated mostly for the North American and…
Exploring global nitrogen and phosphorus flows in urban wastes during the twentieth century
This paper presents a global model-based country-scale quantification of urban nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) waste flows from humans, animals, and industries, including discharge to surface water…
The global nitrogen cycle in the twenty-first century
Global nitrogen fixation contributes 413 Tg of reactive nitrogen (Nr) to terrestrial and marine ecosystems annually of which anthropogenic activities are responsible for half, 210 Tg N. The majority…
Climate impact of transportation A model comparison
Transportation contributes to a significant and rising share of global energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore modeling future travel demand, its fuel use, and resulting CO 2 emission is…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
