Interim Evaluation of the Policy Document On Sustainable Crop Protection
Crop protection methods in the Netherlands have become more sustainable since 1998 as a result of efforts made by growers. However, at the moment the environmental quality of surface waters does not…
Denitritication across landscapes and waterscapes: a synthesis
Both newly fixed N and recycled N (e.g., manure) are processed by terrestrial ecosystems. A substantial portion of this recycled N is subsequently transferred to groundwater, wetlands, lakes, rivers…
Nitrate leaching in agriculture to upper groundwater in the sandy regions of the Netherlands during the 1992-1995 period
The Dutch National Monitoring Programme for Effectiveness of the Minerals Policy (LMM) was initiated to allow detection of a statutory reduction in nitrate leaching caused by a decreasing N load. The…
Exploring changes in world ruminant production systems
In the past 30 years world production of ruminant meat and milk has increased by about 40%, while the global area of grassland has increased by only 4%. This is because most of the increase in…
The Dutch nitrogen cascade in the European perspective
This paper provides an overview of the origin and the fate of nitrogen in the Netherlands, the various reported impacts of nitrogen, the Dutch and European policies to reduce nitrogen emissions and…
Environmental effects of manure policy options in the Netherlands
This study explores the effects of manure policy options for agricultural land in The Netherlands on nitrate leaching to groundwater, ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions to the atmosphere and on…
Economic and environmental effects of the manure policy in the Netherlands: synthesis of integrated ex-post and ex-ante evaluation
This paper summarises the results of both an ex-post evaluation of the Dutch Mineral Accounting System (MINAS) and an ex-ante evaluation of the effect of different levy-free surplus values.
The integrated modeling system STONE for calculating nutrient emissions from agriculture in the Netherlands
For the Netherlands, a nutrient emission modeling system, called STONE, has been developed. It was designed for evaluation at the national and regional scale of the effects of changes in the…
The N budget for Europe (excluding the former Soviet Union) indicates that the 3 principal driving forces of the acceleration of the European N cycle are fertilizer production (14 Mt (mill. tonnes) N…
A global high-resolution emission inventory for ammonia
A global emissions inventory for ammonia (NH3) has been compiled for the main known sources on a 1°×1° grid, suitable for input to global atmospheric models.
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
