A comprehensive quantification of global nitrous oxide sources and sinks.
Global human-induced emissions of nitrous oxide, which are dominated by nitrogen additions to croplands, increased by 30% over the past four decades to 7.3 (4.2-11.4) teragrams of nitrogen per year…
Developing multi-scale and integrative nature-people scenarios using the Nature Futures Framework
Nature is under pressure. Given current development trajectories, without substantial transformations, it is unlikely that we will achieve the prosperous future imagined in global sustainability…
Overview of recently adopted mitigation policies and climate-relevant policy responses to COVID-19
This report presents an overview of recently adopted climate policies, climate-relevant responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and a state of play of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) and Long…
The impact of urbanisation on food systems in West and East Africa
Urbanisation is a major driver of societal, environmental and economic change in both West and East Africa, affecting all aspects of food systems. This policy report provides insights into the current…
Societal benefits of halving agricultural ammonia emissions in China far exceed the abatement costs
Mitigating agricultural ammonia (NH3) emissions in China is urgently needed to avoid further damage to human and ecosystem health. Effective and feasible mitigation strategies hinge on integrated…
Improving Climate Change Mitigation Analysis: A Framework for Examining Feasibility
Limiting global warming to 2°C or less compared with pre-industrial temperatures will require unprecedented rates of decarbonization globally. The scale and scope of transformational change required…
Impact of methane and black carbon mitigation on forcing and temperature: a multi-model scenario analysis
The relatively short atmospheric lifetimes of methane (CH 4 ) and black carbon (BC) have focused attention on the potential for reducing anthropogenic climate change by reducing Short-Lived Climate…
Agricultural Diffuse Pollution and the EU Water Framework Directive
Progress has been made on improving Europe’s water quality. Nevertheless, there is much scepticism as to whether the goals of the European Water Framework Directive will be realised by 2027…
Global Environmental Assessments (GEAs) provide policymakers with a knowledge base to address global environmental challenges. They synthesise scientific insights into the current state and future…
A new international scenario-based modelling study suggests that ambitious action can reverse the trend of terrestrial biodiversity loss resulting from habitat conversion. This requires an integrated…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
