Over the last decade, the values of water have received attention both on a global level and in the Netherlands. These values include the full range of functions, benefits, (dis-)services, and risks…
The many pathways of mining impacts on biodiversity
Mining is a significant driver of biodiversity loss, with impacts expected to escalate due to rising metal demand for the energy transition. However, global assessments of mining impacts are still in…
Staying on track: a bottom-up Paris-aligned pathway driven by COP initiatives
Voluntary climate initiatives have the potential to increase emission reductions and guide deeper, sustained reductions under the UNFCCC, but significant gaps remain in thematic coverage, ambition…
Quantifying the Costs and Benefits of Grid Investments to Decarbonize the European Energy Supply
Europe aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 through the electrification of fossil fuel-based energy demand and the large-scale deployment of renewable generation. Realizing these goals requires…
Mercantilist and protectionist shocks on innovation, growth, and economic policy in European regions
We assess the potential innovation and growth implications on European regions of the rapid global shifts in political economy towards mercantilism, tariffs, and protectionism. The new trade shocks…
The Ministry of KGG (Climate and Green Growth) of the Dutch national government has asked the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency PBL to give advice on the maximum tender amount to be used in…
Electric vehicles (EVs) eliminate tailpipe emissions, but their lower marginal costs may stimulate additional car travel and a shift away from active and public transport.
Scenarios for the Seventh Global Environment Outlook
The seventh edition of the Global Environmental Outlook (GEO-7), the flagship publication of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), provides a comprehensive assessment of the state and…
Intensified environmental policies can make the world healthier, reduce poverty, and provide long term economic growth. This is a key conclusions from the 7th Global Environmental Outlook, a…
The ELEVATE Annual Net-Zero Reports aim to provide policymakers with a clear, evidence-based understanding of where global efforts currently stand regarding achieving these goals, and how national and…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
