Permissible manure and fertilizer use in dairy farming systems on sandy soils in The Netherlands to comply with the Nitrates Directive target
Based on experimental data, this study explores the limits on the use of cattle slurry and mineral fertilizer in grass and silage maize. Cut grasslands can utilize cattle slurry up to 340 kg nitrogen…
Biodiversity and socioeconomic impacts of selected agro-commodity production systems
This article dicusses an assessesment of the socioeconomic and biodiversity impacts associated with the production of selected agro-commodities in their production countries and areas.
Exploring the impact on cost and electricity production of high penetration levels of intermittent electricity in OECD Europe and the USA, results for wind energy
With increasing penetration levels the cost reduction of wind electricity caused by upscaling and technological learning is counteracted by the cost increase due to the need for additional back-up…
Climate simulation of the twenty-first century with interactive land-use changes
The dynamics of natural vegetation is more closely linked to climate but the time-scale of changes is of the order of a century. Thus, the coupling between natural vegetation and climate could…
Climate change and the EU water framework directive: how to deal with indirect effects of changes in hydrology on water quality and ecology?
It is thought that the complexity of lake ecosystems makes this effect inherently unpredictable. However, models that deal with this complexity are available and well calibrated and tested.
Sustainable quality of life: Conceptual analysis for policy-relevant empirical specification
‘Sustainable development’ concerns the pursuit of a sustainable quality of life for all, present and future, as has been emphasised in the Sustainability Outlooks that were published by the…
Peaking profiles for achieving long-term temperature targets with more likelihood at lower costs
Some of the slow climate change response to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations can be prevented by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations after a peak is reached. Such so-called ‘peaking…
Nature Planner 3.0, a tool of the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, comprises a sequence of models used to calculate, evaluate and predict the quality of nature on the Dutch national scale…
Towards patterns of vulnerability. Export-oriented agriculture and the oil palm case
Agriculture production and the global trade in agricultural products have strongly increased in the last decades. The intensification and extension of agriculture area have damaged natural ecosystems…
PM2.5 in the Netherlands. Consequences of the new European air quality standards
Based on new findings of the WHO, policy attention in the EU regarding particulate matter has shifted from PM 10 to the finer fraction (PM 2.5). The Netherlands will probably not be able to meet all…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
