Estimating the opportunity costs of reducing carbon dioxide emissions via avoided deforestation, using integrated assessment modelling
Estimates show that, in recent years, deforestation and forest degradation accounted for about 17% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The implementation of REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation…
Impact of maritime transport emissions on coastal air quality in Europe
Shipping emissions are currently increasing and will most likely continue to do so in the future due to the increase of global-scale trade. Ship emissions have the potential to contribute to air…
This paper presents the results of an online stated choice experiment on the preference of Dutch private car owners for alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and their characteristics. Results show that…
Uncertainty in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) deployment projections: a cross-model comparison exercise
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) can be a valuable CO 2 mitigation option, but what role CCS will play in the future is uncertain. In this paper we analyze the results of different integrated…
Are major economies on track to achieve their pledges for 2020? An assessment of domestic climate and energy policies
Many of the major greenhouse gas emitting countries have planned and/or implemented domestic mitigation policies, such as carbon taxes, feed-in tariffs, or standards. This study analyses whether the…
Implications of innovative options for transport on the level of the energy system
There are several options for a 60% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from transport, in the Netherlands, by 2050. In addition to efficiency improvements, new types of fuels, such as electricity…
Implications of alternative assumptions regarding future air pollution control in scenarios similar to the Representative Concentration Pathways
The uncertain, future development of emissions of short-lived trace gases and aerosols forms a key factor for future air quality and climate forcing. The Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs)…
Regional GHG reduction targets based on effort sharing: a comparison of studies
The IPCC Fourth Assessment Report noted that Annex I countries’ targets for 2020 would need to be 25% to 40% below the 1990 level to be in line with the 2° Celsius (C) target. What is the equivalent…
The European Commission has launched a discussion with its Green Paper on climate and energy policies. PBL has analysed the effects of various assumptions on Member States' emission targets for 2030…
Comments on the European Commission's Green Paper ‘A 2030 framework for climate and energy policies’
The European Commission has recently published a green paper titled ‘A 2030 framework for climate and energy policies’. In that document, the Commission formulated a number of questions for public…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
