Biogeophysical Impacts of Land‐Use Change on Climate Extremes in Low‐Emission Scenarios: Results From HAPPI‐Land
The impacts of land use have been shown to have considerable influence on regional climate. With the recent international commitment to limit global warming to well below 2°C, emission reductions need…
Exploring SSP land-use dynamics using the IMAGE model: Regional and gridded scenarios of land-use change and land-based climate change mitigation
Projected increases in population, income and consumption rates are expected to lead to rising pressure on the land system. Ambitions to limit global warming to 2 °C or even 1.5 °C could also lead to…
The new urban agenda - Opportunities for inclusive and green urbanisation
The United Nations New Urban Agenda recognises the role of cities in achieving its sustainable development goals. It, however, also acknowledges that cities in developing countries often lack the…
PBL has evaluated the role of Green Deals in preparing the path towards a circular economy. The evaluation shows that although Green Deals make a valuable contribution to the process of green…
Early action on Paris Agreement allows for more time to change energy systems
The IMAGE integrated assessment model was used to develop a set of scenarios to evaluate the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted by Parties under the Paris Agreement. The scenarios…
Low-emission pathways in 11 major economies: comparison of cost-optimal pathways and Paris climate proposals
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of climate policy, it is important to understand emission trends and policies at the national level. The 2015 Paris Agreement includes (Intended) Nationally…
The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to further decline, making it difficult to reach the 2050 policy vision. This study elaborates four ‘perspectives’ on the future of nature in the…
Scientific Opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of plant protection products for in-soil organisms
The European Food Safety Authority reviewed the science behind the risk assessment of plant protection products for in-soil organisms. The current risk assessment scheme is reviewed, taking into…
Dutch land development institutions in the face of crisis: trembling pillars in the planners’ paradise
The international planning community has long regarded Dutch planning culture as atypical and even exemplary. This article claims that this common view might need revision, because of large changes…
How climate metrics affect global mitigation strategies and costs: a multi-model study
In climate policy, substitutions metrics are used to determine exchange ratios for different greenhouse gases as part of a multi-gas strategy. The suitability of the metric depends on the policy goals…
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