A framework for national scenarios with varying emission reductions
National-level climate actions will be vital in achieving global temperature goals in the coming decades. Near-term (2025–2030) plans are laid out in Nationally Determined Contributions; the next step…
Greenhouse gas emission scenarios in nine key non-G20 countries: an assessment of progress toward 2030 climate targets
This study compares greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions projections in 2030 under current policies and those under 2030 mitigation targets for nine key non-G20 countries, that collectively account for…
Integrated assessment model diagnostics: key indicators and model evolution
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) form a prime tool in informing about climate mitigation strategies. Diagnostic indicators that allow comparison across these models can help describe and explain…
On the optimality of 2°C targets and a decomposition of uncertainty
The overall target of climate policy and the timing of emission reductions are key policy issues. The high degree of uncertainty in key aspects, such as climate damage, mitigation costs and socio…
The role of regulatory, market and governance risk for electricity access investment in sub-Saharan Africa
Achieving universal electricity access in sub-Saharan Africa – a milestone of SDG 7 – requires about $30bn annually until 2030 on the top of baseline investment. The private sector plays a key role in…
Regional variation in the effectiveness of methane-based and land-based climate mitigation options
Scenarios avoiding global warming greater than 1.5 or 2 ∘ C, as stipulated in the Paris Agreement, may require the combined mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions alongside enhancing…
Critical adjustment of land mitigation pathways for assessing countries’ climate progress
Mitigation pathways by Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) describe future emissions that keep global warming below specific temperature limits and are compared with countries’ collective greenhouse…
Advancing a toolkit of diverse futures approaches for global environmental assessment scenarios
Global Environmental Assessments (GEAs) are in a unique position to influence environmental decision-making in the context of sustainability challenges. To do this effectively, new methods are needed…
Cost-effectiveness of decarbonisation options for the vegetable-oil and -fat industry in the Netherlands
There is significant emission reduction potential in the Dutch vegetable oil and fat industry, which consists of seven companies each producing more than 10 kt CO 2 per year, emitting a total of 0.36…
Assessing China’s efforts to pursue the 1.5°C warming limit
Given the increasing interest in keeping global warming below 1.5°C, a key question is what this would mean for China’s emission pathway, energy restructuring, and decarbonization. By conducting a…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
