Public Design of Urban Sprawl: Governments and the Extension of the Urban Fabric in Flanders and the Netherlands
Urban sprawl is often portrayed as a (quasi-)natural process, as inevitable and taking place behind our backs. However, we claim that it is co-produced by government: Governments not only allow sprawl…
Assessment of the investments by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) in innovation and human capital
This study is the first attempt at assessing the regional economic impacts of investments by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), using a spatially explicit macroeconomic model…
The implications of re-exports for gravity equation estimation, NAFTA and Brexit
This paper illustrates the importance of taking into account re-exports. It shows that not taking into account re-exports causes estimates from the gravity model (the standard economic trade model) to…
The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to further decline, making it difficult to reach the 2050 policy vision. This study elaborates four ‘perspectives’ on the future of nature in the…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
