Industry energy support and its interaction with EU ETS
European governments aim to help energy-intensive industries remain competitive while meeting climate targets. New research by the Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis (CPB) and the…
Future pathways to restore the ecological quality of global freshwater ecosystems
This is a background report of the study ‘Geography of future water challenges – Bending the trend’, which gives an overview of possible achievements of water-related measures within the SSP2 Baseline…
Enhancing regional resilience for energy price shocks: efficient gas use and upstream decarbonization
Resilience and competitiveness in relation to fossil energy dependencies is of increasing concern to industries and policy makers. We investigate to what extent the competitive position of industries…
Over the last decade, the values of water have received attention both on a global level and in the Netherlands. These values include the full range of functions, benefits, (dis-)services, and risks…
The many pathways of mining impacts on biodiversity
Mining is a significant driver of biodiversity loss, with impacts expected to escalate due to rising metal demand for the energy transition. However, global assessments of mining impacts are still in…
Staying on track: a bottom-up Paris-aligned pathway driven by COP initiatives
Voluntary climate initiatives have the potential to increase emission reductions and guide deeper, sustained reductions under the UNFCCC, but significant gaps remain in thematic coverage, ambition…
Quantifying the Costs and Benefits of Grid Investments to Decarbonize the European Energy Supply
Europe aims to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 through the electrification of fossil fuel-based energy demand and the large-scale deployment of renewable generation. Realizing these goals requires…
Mercantilist and protectionist shocks on innovation, growth, and economic policy in European regions
We assess the potential innovation and growth implications on European regions of the rapid global shifts in political economy towards mercantilism, tariffs, and protectionism. The new trade shocks…
The Ministry of KGG (Climate and Green Growth) of the Dutch national government has asked the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency PBL to give advice on the maximum tender amount to be used in…
Electric vehicles (EVs) eliminate tailpipe emissions, but their lower marginal costs may stimulate additional car travel and a shift away from active and public transport.
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
