Uncertainties around net-zero climate targets have major impact on emissions and climate projections
Globally, more than 100 countries have adopted net-zero targets. Most studies agree on how this increases the chance of keeping end-of-century global warming below 2°C. However, they typically make…
Extended producer responsibility for energy transition technologies
Solar panels, wind turbines and electric vehicle batteries are at the core of the energy transition. However, the rapid market growth of these products poses new challenges for the management of…
The bridge to net zero matters more than the destination
Countries have started setting their own national net-zero targets. While net-zero targets establish long-term ambitions, countries’ mid-term targets, as outlined in their Nationally Determined…
Policy mixes for sustainable development pathways: representation in integrated assessment models
The Paris Agreement on climate change and the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development require unprecedented transformations to sustainability, while maximising synergies and minimising trade-offs…
Quantifying food security and mitigation risks consequential to climate change impacts on crop yields
Climate change is expected to impact crop yields globally, with some regions benefiting from favorable conditions and CO 2 fertilization, while others face adverse effects from altered precipitation…
How the Russian–Ukrainian war reshapes the climate policy context
The Russian military aggression against Ukraine has had significant global impacts on energy security, economy and geopolitics. The 2022 global energy crisis raises questions about how the war affects…
Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network - The database (version 0.4)
This document describes version 0.4 of the database of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network). The database contains information on current energy and…
Climate and Energy Outlook of the Netherlands 2024
The greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands are projected to decrease with 44-52% in 2030, relative to 1990 levels, based on adopted and proposed policy. The probability that the Netherlands will…
In the debate on the use of biomass, ‘carbon debt’ is a frequently encountered term referring to the question whether using biomass, especially for bioenergy, makes a positive or negative contribution…
To keep the Paris goal of 1.5 °C goal alive, nations need to collectively commit to cut 42% off annual greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and 57% by 2035 in the next round of Nationally Determined…
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency
