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Environmental impacts of extraction and processing of raw materials for the energy transition

Both the European Critical Raw Materials Act and the Dutch Raw Materials Strategy promote mitigation of negative environmental impacts associated with the production of strategic and critical raw…
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Abolishing fossil fuel subsidies: a brain teaser rather than a no-brainer

In the study “Abolishing fossil fuel subsidies: a brain teaser rather than a no-brainer” CPB and PBL conclude that the discussion on fossil fuel subsidies in the Netherlands focuses primarily on the…

Decarbonization Paths for the Dutch Aviation Sector

Aviation accounts for a significant share of global greenhouse gas emissions. The Dutch aviation sector can be made CO 2 -neutral by 2050 if enough sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) replace fossil jet…
Getekend vliegtuig op groene bladeren

Costs and benefits of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer for global production of cereal grains in 2015 and in 2050 under contrasting scenarios

Increased use of synthetic N fertilizer has boosted global cereal grain production, but also led to a massive increase of reactive N loss and environment impacts. This paper quantifies the global…

Sanitation and wastewater treatment scenarios and effects on global water quality and SDG 6

Sanitation and wastewater treatment are key elements for global human health and aquatic biodiversity. Scenarios showed an improvement of sanitation but unimproved sanitation will not disappear before…

Appetite for Change

In the new report “Appetite for Change” scientists provide a recipe to halve nitrogen pollution from food production in Europe. This pollution is caused by poor use of nitrogen, particularly in…

The Opportunities, Challenges and Potentials for Hydrogen in Africa

Under stringent climate change mitigation scenarios, hydrogen is projected to play a central role in decarbonising the global energy system, complementing electrification and energy efficiency…

Spread in climate policy scenarios unravelled

Analysis of climate policy scenarios has become an important tool for identifying mitigation strategies, as shown in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Working Group III report. The…

Circular consumption to reduce environmental pressure

The European Union and various individual countries strive for a more circular economy to reduce environmental pressure. The transition towards a circular economy requires a change in what and how we…

Assessing ambitious nature conservation strategies in a below 2-degree and food-secure world

Global biodiversity is projected to further decline under a wide range of future socio-economic development pathways, even in sustainability-oriented scenarios. This raises the question how…