Countries have failed to realise most of the internationally agreed biodiversity goals and targets, and biodiversity loss is expected to continue. Continuing business-as-usual is not an option, and rethinking biodiversity governance is needed.

Action by cities, states, regions and business can go a long way towards meeting the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement, but their actions alone are not enough to hold global temperature increase to well-below 2°C and work towards limiting it to 1.5° C.

A strong increase in the number of offshore wind farms outside the 12-mile zone means that room on the North Sea is becoming scarce. This calls for a strategy for the North Sea that runs up to 2050, as a time horizon of 2030 would be insufficient for effectively combining objectives for climate, nature and fisheries.