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Environmental impacts of extraction and processing of raw materials for the energy transition

Both the European Critical Raw Materials Act and the Dutch Raw Materials Strategy promote mitigation of negative environmental impacts associated with the production of strategic and critical raw…
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Abolishing fossil fuel subsidies: a brain teaser rather than a no-brainer

In the study “Abolishing fossil fuel subsidies: a brain teaser rather than a no-brainer” CPB and PBL conclude that the discussion on fossil fuel subsidies in the Netherlands focuses primarily on the…

The Opportunities, Challenges and Potentials for Hydrogen in Africa

Under stringent climate change mitigation scenarios, hydrogen is projected to play a central role in decarbonising the global energy system, complementing electrification and energy efficiency…

Spread in climate policy scenarios unravelled

Analysis of climate policy scenarios has become an important tool for identifying mitigation strategies, as shown in the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Working Group III report. The…

The IMAGE Strategy Document 2022-2027

This document describes the new research and development strategy for the IMAGE Framework, for the 2022–2027 period, based on current and emerging research and policy questions. The document sets out…

Climate and Energy Outlook of the Netherlands 2023

This annual outlook is published as required under the Dutch Climate Act and is regarded as one of the accountability instruments of Dutch climate and energy policy.

UNEP Emissions Gap report 2023

As global temperatures and greenhouse gas emissions break records, the latest Emissions Gap Report from the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) finds that current pledges under the Paris Agreement put the…

Greenhouse gas mitigation scenarios for major emitters

This report by NewClimate Institute, PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) provides an overview of projected greenhouse…

Identifying energy model fingerprints in mitigation scenarios

Energy models are used to study emissions mitigation pathways, such as those compatible with the Paris Agreement goals. These models vary in structure, objectives, parameterization and level of detail…

Water quality footprint of agricultural emissions of nitrogen, phosphorus and glyphosate associated with German bioeconomy

Fertiliser and pesticide application can cause extensive environmental damage. We use the water quality footprint to express nitrogen, phosphorus and glyphosate emissions from agriculture in volumes…