Biodiversity loss has a certain impact on the economy and, therefore, also on the financial sector. This motivated DNB, the Dutch central bank, and PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency to jointly investigate the risks related to biodiversity loss for investments by...
This paper in the Spring 2020 ifo DICE Report on carbon pricing discusses lessons that other regions could learn from European Union’s effort to implement carbon pricing through EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS).
Growers, buyers and suppliers have not been sufficiently successful in reducing the use of chemical plant protection products. Policy is needed, by both the government and the sector, to stop the routine use of plant protection products and to promote alternatives.
Democratic science, participation and support are fundamental pillars of successful policy making in a nexus context. They can help to avoid pitfalls such as conflicting or absent regulation, ambiguity between strategies, low awareness of interrelations and therefore lack of...
A transition away from the use of fuelwood and charcoal for cooking can prevent hundreds of thousands of premature deaths caused by household air pollution. This study explores various policy options and pathways for such a transition in Sub-Saharan Africa, and their...
The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate requested PBL to conduct an update on SDE+ base amounts and grid connection costs of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands, based on current market insights. This note presents the results of the update, which were drawn on...
A framework for good nexus governance was developed based on literature and cases. Successful nexus policy has many dimensions and is multi scale. It concerns the whole policy cycle and depends on political will, mindset, knowledge management and careful organisation of the...
The World Bank WAVES programme supports several countries with the development of natural capital accounts (NCAs). NCAs link natural capital to a country’s system of national accounts and can also be applied to formulate biodiversity-related policies.
The scenario study ‘The Future of the North Sea’ explores the spatial and ecological impact of possible developments on the North Sea, up to 2050, with regard to nature, energy transition and food supply. The PBL study uses four scenarios to do so.
Implementation of the UNFCCC Paris agreement on climate change gets more attention from European national governments than the multi-sectoral Sustainable Development Goals. This unilateral focus may cause unwanted trade-offs. A nexus approach could be the answer.
