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Policy coherence of the EU Common Agricultural Policy within the nexus between water, energy, land, food and climate depends on policy implementation

There is great technical potential for the agricultural sector to contribute to the improvement of water, land and landscape management, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and an efficient use…

Implementation of EU water policies benefits from synergies within the nexus between water, energy, land, food and climate

At the European Union level, there is a strong policy coherence between water policies and those on land, agriculture, energy and climate. More advantage could be taken of synergies between these…

Global Environment Outlook 6: Healthy Planet, healthy People

The world is not on track to achieve internationally agreed environmental targets, such as those outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement. To get back on track…

Costs of offshore wind energy 2018

The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate requested PBL to conduct an update on SDE+ base amounts and grid connection costs of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands, based on current market…

SIM4NEXUS - Policy success stories in the water-land-energy-food-climate nexus

A framework for good nexus governance was developed based on literature and cases. Successful nexus policy has many dimensions and is multi scale. It concerns the whole policy cycle and depends on…

Interactions between climate change mitigation and adaptation: The case of hydropower in Brazil

This paper performs a multi-model comparison to assess strategies for adaptation to climate change impacts in hydropower generation in Brazil under two Representative Concentration Pathways. The…

Interactions between social learning and technological learning in electric vehicle futures

The transition to electric vehicles is an important strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from passenger cars. Modelling future pathways helps identify critical drivers and uncertainties…

Using dynamic relative climate impact curves to quantify the climate impact of bioenergy production systems over time

The climate impact of bioenergy is commonly quantified in terms of CO 2 equivalents, using a fixed 100‐year global warming potential as an equivalency metric. This method has been criticized for the…

The Future of the North Sea

The scenario study ‘The Future of the North Sea’ explores the spatial and ecological impact of possible developments on the North Sea, up to 2050, with regard to nature, energy transition and food…

Linking water security threats to conflict

In the past decades, the relationship between water issues and conflict risks received much attention, both in the literature and the media. However, reports and publications warning about these…