Identifying Potential Clusters of Future Migration Associated With Water Stress in Africa
Water stress negatively affects rural livelihoods that depend on agriculture. In some contexts, this can influence migration decisions, especially in vulnerable regions with limited adaptive capacity…
Defining a sustainable development target space for 2030 and 2050
With the establishment of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), countries worldwide agreed to a prosperous, socially inclusive, and environmentally sustainable future for all. This ambition…
Projecting long-term armed conflict risk: An underappreciated field of inquiry?
Interest in potential armed conflict risks following climate change impacts is increasing among scientists and policymakers. But until today, little research has been done on projecting the possible…
Phosphorus for Sustainable Development Goal target of doubling smallholder productivity
The supply of phosphorous is crucial to food security. Future phosphorous management will therefore play an important role in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG2, zero hunger). However, in…
Abating ammonia is more cost-effective than nitrogen oxides for global mitigation of particulate matter air pollution
Worldwide, more than 4 million people die prematurely every year due to ambient air pollution. This is more than from malnutrition or overweight. Particulate matter (PM2.5, particles smaller than 2.5…
Transitioning to Low-Carbon Economies under the 2030 Agenda: Minimizing Trade-Offs and Enhancing Co-Benefits of Climate-Change Action for the SDGs
The 2030 Agenda with its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement on climate change were adopted in 2015. Although independently defined, the two agreements are strongly…
This publication is a background report to the IFAD Rural Development Report 2021 on Food System Transformations . The IFAD report is published in preparation of the UN Food System Summit, taking…
The WAVES partnership supports countries with implementing Natural Capital Accounting (NCA). At the request of the WAVES partnership, PBL has evaluated how NCA can support a ‘green’ recovery from the…
More efficient phosphorus use can avoid cropland expansion
Global projections indicate that approximately 500 Mha of new arable land will be required to meet crop demand by 2050. Applying a dynamic phosphorus (P) pool simulator under different socioeconomic…
Urbanisation as driver of food system transformation and opportunities for rural livelihoods
Urbanisation is altering food systems, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. These changes can affect rural livelihoods in positive and negative ways. In this article, the authors…
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