Future changes in aerosol concentrations will influence the climate system over the coming decades. In this study we evaluate the equilibrium climate response to aerosol reductions in different parts of the world in 2050, using the global climate model EC-Earth. The aerosol...
These background documents provide the scientific justification of the information produced for PBL report ‘The Geography of Future Water Challenges’.
In support of the Dutch Delta Programme on Spatial Adaptation, PBL has conducted a quick scan of developments outside the Netherlands in methods to monitor the impact (output and outcome) of policies and measures in the field of climate adaptation.
NewClimate Institute, PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and IIASA present an overview of on climate change mitigation policies in 25 major emitting countries/regions that have been adopted since July 2017. The policy information compiled by in this document...
The occurrence of many species in the EU is expected to further decline, making it difficult to reach the 2050 policy vision. This study elaborates four ‘perspectives’ on the future of nature in the EU, in search for new approaches. The study concludes with topics for debate...
In the Environmental Outlook to 2050 from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) a number of scenarios and projection are used which are calculated with the IMAGE model suite. This document describes the models and modules used and their...
Although energy markets are interlinked and energy companies operate internationally, European countries have a strong national focus in their climate and energy policies. Countries have little regard for the impact of their national policy measures on neighbouring countries...
