As part of the Copenhagen Accord, individual countries have submitted greenhouse gas reduction proposals for the year 2020. This paper analyses the implications for emission reductions, the carbon price, and abatement costs of these submissions.
Recent research has clarified a number of facts about particulate matter in the atmosphere and has overturned a number of assumptions. For example, it is now clear that a much greater proportion of particulate matter is caused by human (anthropogenic) activities than was...
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used for calculating the emission of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions are calculated, annually, by the Task Force on Transportation of the Dutch...
Although the target of 16% renewable energy by 2023, as set in the Dutch Energy Agreement, is within sight, the National Energy Outlook (NEV) 2016 shows that the target of 14% renewable energy by 2020 is not likely to be achieved; nor will the target of 100 PJ in additional...
Total greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands in 2012 decreased by approximately 1.7% compared to 2011. This decrease was mainly the result of a decrease in fuel combustion in the energy sector, due to an increase in imported electricity and in road transport. In 2012,...
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the emission of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions are calculated, annually, by the Task Force on Transportation of the Dutch...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch PVC industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy...
Resource Efficiency is one of the flagship projects of the European Commission. On this subject, the expected global development of five related aspects has been mapped by the PBL: energy, land use, phosphorus (fertiliser), fresh water, and fish stocks.
Dutch energy supply is at a tipping point. The share of renewable energy is expected to grow at an accelerated pace, up to 2023; in part due to the efforts of those involved in the Energy Agreement. Energy saving will also increase, up to 2020. And, although energy use will...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch fertiliser industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the...
