This paper presents a new modelling approach that disaggregates scenario-based national-level urban population estimates derived from the often-applied Shared
Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) to high-resolution spatial grid (30 arc sec) representations of urban area and local...
Spatially explicit modeling is a key method to quantify ecosystem services in cities. We applied and compared three commonly used open-source ecosystem service modeling tools (InVEST, LUCI, Natural Capital Model) to quantify three key urban ecosystem services (air temperature...
There is growing concern about the decrease of insect populations in agricultural landscapes. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of pesticide related measures and landscape related measures on non-target terrestrial arthropods using a common carabid beetle...
This annual outlook is published as required under the 2019 Dutch Climate Act and is regarded as one of the accountability instruments of Dutch climate and energy policy. Taking adopted and planned policies as the point of reference, Dutch greenhouse gas emissions are...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch asphalt industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy sector in...
A circular bioeconomy can dramatically rein in the fast-growing plastic sector’s climate, pollution, and resource consumption impacts. Under current policies, global plastic production will likely triple by the year 2100. Today, the plastic sector is responsible for almost 5%...
Measures that aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions also have impacts on achieving other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Given the enormous challenge of achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement and the SDGs, insight into these impacts provides information on how to...
To reverse the persistent trend of biodiversity loss to recovery of nature, nature policy needs to be combined with policies on climate mitigation, and food and energy systems must be reformed. This is one of the conclusions in the report Exploring nature-positive pathways....
Equity is increasingly important in decision-making processes on biodiversity conservation, and relatedly agricultural development, but this dimension is hardly addressed in scenario development. In this study, the potential equity implications of two distinct future scenario...
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented crisis of social, political and economic systems throughout Europe and the world. Since March 2020, European authorities have taken diverse measures to contain the spread of the virus (reactive policy). In some cases, the...
