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Accounting for environmental damage by material production and use

The environmental damage related to the production and use of materials is one of the main motives behind the wide interest in the transition to a circular economy. This study investigates the…

Emissions: world has four times the work or one-third of the time

New synthesis shows what a wasted decade means for the climate pact made in Paris. New research shows that nations must now do much more and much faster to limit global warming to well below 2 °C, let…

Analysing international shipping and aviation emission projections

This report presents an analysis of published emission projections of Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) and other, sectoral, models. At the moment, international aviation and shipping are…

Decarbonisation options for the Dutch container and tableware glass industry

This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch container and tableware glass industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by…

Methods for calculating the emissions of transport in the Netherlands 2019

This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the emission of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions…

Decarbonisation options for the Dutch sugar industry

This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch sugar industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO…

Decarbonisation options for the Dutch paper and board industry

This report on decarbonisation options for the paper and board industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of…

Decarbonisation options for the Dutch zinc industry

This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch zinc industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO…

Costs of offshore wind energy 2018

The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate requested PBL to conduct an update on SDE+ base amounts and grid connection costs of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands, based on current market…

Agricultural non-CO2 emission reduction potential in the context of the 1.5 °C target

Agricultural methane and nitrous oxide emissions represent around 10–12% of total anthropogenic GHG emissions and have a key role to play in achieving a 1.5 °C (above pre-industrial) climate…