The environmental damage related to the production and use of materials is one of the main motives behind the wide interest in the transition to a circular economy. This study investigates the monetary damage related to emissions to the atmosphere in seven EU Member States...
New synthesis shows what a wasted decade means for the climate pact made in Paris. New research shows that nations must now do much more and much faster to limit global warming to well below 2 °C, let alone 1.5 °C, as agreed in Paris.
This report presents an analysis of published emission projections of Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) and other, sectoral, models. At the moment, international aviation and shipping are underrepresented in most integrated assessment models. Improving the representation of...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch container and tableware glass industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers,...
This report describes the methodologies, emission factors and relevant activity data used to calculate the emission of environmental pollutants from mobile sources in the Netherlands. The emissions are calculated, annually, by the Task Force on Transportation of the Dutch...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch sugar industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy...
This report on decarbonisation options for the paper and board industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the...
This report on decarbonisation options for the Dutch zinc industry is part of the MIDDEN project (Manufacturing Industry Decarbonisation Data Exchange Network) initiated by PBL and ECN part of TNO. The project aims to support industry, policymakers, analysts and the energy...
The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate requested PBL to conduct an update on SDE+ base amounts and grid connection costs of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands, based on current market insights. This note presents the results of the update, which were drawn on...
Although the rapid fall in the costs of batteries has made electric vehicles (EVs) more affordable and boosted their sales, EVs still account for only a fraction of total car sales. In the last years, the battery costs of electric vehicles have dropped faster than previously...
