Op verzoek van het ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat en het Klimaatberaad heeft het PBL het ontwerp Klimaatakkoord (OKA) doorgerekend. Centraal in deze analyse staan de verwachte effecten…
Capacity vs Energy Subsidies for Renewables: Benefits and Costs for the 2030 EU Power Market
Policy makers across Europe have implemented renewable support policies with several policy objectives in mind. Among these are achieving ambitious renewable energy targets at the lowest cost and…
The future of biomass and bioenergy deployment and trade: a synthesis of 15 years IEA Bioenergy Task 40 on sustainable bioenergy trade
Current biomass production and trade volumes for energy and new materials and bio‐chemicals are only a small fraction to achieve the bioenergy levels suggested by many global energy and climate change…
The scope for better industry representation in long-term energy models: Modeling the cement industry
Although the cement industry emits around 6% of global CO2 emissions, most global Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) barely represent this industrial subsector or do not cover all important processes…
Drivers of declining CO2 emissions in 18 developed economies
Global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2) from fossil fuels and industry increased by 2.2% per year on average between 2005 and 2015. Global emissions need to peak and decline rapidly to limit climate…
Implications of various effort-sharing approaches for national carbon budgets and emission pathways
The bottom-up approach of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) in the Paris Agreement has led countries to self-determine their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets. The planned…
The Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate requested PBL to conduct an update on SDE+ base amounts and grid connection costs of offshore wind energy in the Netherlands, based on current market…
Energy Transition Implications for Demand and Supply of Power System Flexibility: A Case Study of the Netherlands Within an EU Electricity Market and Trading Context
The Netherlands is aiming for a more sustainable, low-carbon energy system. For the power system, this energy transition implies (1) a larger share of electricity from variable renewable energy (VRE)…
Kortetermijnraming voor emissies en energie in 2020
De kortetermijnraming (KTR) geeft inzicht in de verwachte ontwikkelingen in relatie tot de drie belangrijkste klimaat- en energiedoelen van Nederland in 2020. Deze raming is opgesteld op verzoek van…
Shared socio-economic pathways extended for the Baltic Sea: exploring long-term environmental problems
Long-term scenario analyses can be powerful tools to explore plausible futures of human development under changing environmental, social, and economic conditions and to evaluate implications of…
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